Building Relationships when Working with Children

Building Relationships when Working with Children Neringa Bagdonaite CONTENT PAGE ASSESSMENT: BUILDING POSITIVE RELATIONSHIPS TASK Summarise the current legal requirements for those working with children. This should include references to the 6 learning goals and how they could be implemented in a child care setting. Page 2 Explain what is meant by respecting and valuing individuality, and devise a plan of how this can be implement in the child care setting. A table format may be used for this task. Page 4 Evaluate the benefits of consistency with regard to positive and negative behaviour, and identify strategies that can be used to encourage positive behaviour in the child care setting. Page 6 Describe the process involved in managing conflict between children and adults. You should refer to at least one behavioural theorist in your answer. Page 8 Answer to task 1) The Childcare Act was introduced on 11 July 2006. The act requires specific powers and duties of local authorities in England. These duties are: Provide adequate information for parents. To improve the outcomes of children aged 0-5 Provide information and training for childcare providers. Local authorities must work with NHS and Job centre partners to improve the outcomes of all children up to 5. The Children Act 2004 sets a duty to make certain that every child would have the support they need to: be healthy stay safe enjoy and achieve and make a positive contribution to society achieve economic well-being. The Act has certain requirements that childcare providers will need to meet: welfare, learning, development. The requirements are set down in the Ofsted publication â€Å"Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage†. (Ref 1) Childcare providers must guide the development of children’s capabilities with a view to ensuring that children in their care complete the EYFS ready to benefit fully from the opportunities ahead of them. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/EYFS%20Statutory%20Framework%20March%202012.pdf accessed 26/05/12 The Early years Foundation Stage learning and development requirements comprise: The assessment schedule must be arranged for children to establish their achievements. the early learning goals, such as the knowledge, skills and understanding. The educational programmes. These are the learning goals: Communication, language and literacy. Children are extending thier vocabulary, learning to speak correctly using words to construct sentence, learning to write and read accurately. Children must be given access to range of books, poems, and other written materials. Child care providers must give encouragement to children to use their skills in varios situations. It helps develop confidence. Physical development. Children must be involved in activities that develop their co-ordination, control and movement, and understand factors which lead into healthy lifestyle. Children must be supported in using all their senses to learn about the world. Personal, social and emotional development. These goals are helping children develop a positive sense of themselves and others, positive relationship, respect others, manage their feelings and understand appropriate behaviour and positive disposition to learn. Childcare providers should help children to know themselves and what they can do. Mathematics. Children should develop and improve their skills in counting, understanding and using numbers from 1-9, calculating simple addition and to describe shapes, spaces, and measures. Knowledge and Understanding the world. Children will develop the knowledge; skills and understanding that will help them make sense of the world. They will learn of people, plants, and environment. Creative development. Children are involved in dancing, music, art, play. It provides opportunities to share their thoughts and feelings. (Ref 2) Answer to task 2) The child has to know that they have values and should treasure them. Parent and childcare providers must start teaching children about respect and valuing individuality from early age. Children like to observe adults and see them as an example the way they deal in certain situation. Childcare providers and parents should show children that they respect individuality, feelings, views, ideas and culture. We have different cultural backgrounds and it is important to teach children how to celebrate them. (Ref 3) Indoor and outdoor playtime, individual and group learning encourage children to respect themselves and others. Children will naturally respect those who use their influence in encouraging ways, helping them to learn and grow in safe surroundings. Children who feel valued growing up confident, it helps them to achieve goals in their lives. Good way for children to respect each other to use reward system. Respecting and valuing individuality plan Friendship Friendship is an important part of child development from birth. Friendship is a source of fun. Children give and receive practical help and emotional support. Understanding feeling Children experiencing wide range of feeling and learning to understand them with help from adults. Every child is valued and differences are appreciated, everyone feels included and understood. Communication A welcoming atmosphere creates effective communication. Effective communication flows information and knowledge. All communication is important (gesture, signs and body language). Posters and pictures are helping children and families recognise that they are valued. Learning Children have a lot to learn from adults. It is important to review child’s progress regularly and contribute with their learning. Effective practice Encourage children to use greetings. All children receive a friendly welcome. Display list of the words that are used at home in their language. Positive interaction Building respectful and caring relationship with children. Respond appropriately to encourage curiosity in learning. Discover what children like to do. Effective teaching Help children to learn as a result they make connections in learning. Support and extend each child’s learning. Provide children with challenges. Teach them not to fear failure and be confident. Listening to children Young children and babies with speech delays communicate in other ways. Children need time to respond, childcare provider must encourage their thinking. Reflecting on practice To show children that childcare provider is pleased to see them every day. Get to know children and build positive relationship. Secure attachment Childcare provider helps children become familiar with setting and make them feel secure. When children feel happy they are confident and like to explore new things. Independence When children depend on adults for reassurance and comfort they become independent. Children are less independent in new situations, they can be unwell and anxious. (Ref4) Answer to task 3) Positive child behaviour can be promoted by using certain plan. It will teach what good behaviour is and how to reach it. Positive behaviour can be achieved working together with children and maintaining sensible expectations. Children behave differently depending on their age and surroundings. Childcare provider and parents must teach children that for negative behaviour there is negative consequence. Some forms of behaviour are acceptable while others are not. Learning to manage behaviour can be as easy as A B C Antecedent – what happens before the behaviour occurs. Behaviour – resulting behaviour is either acceptable or unacceptable. Consequence – results of behaviour can be positive or negative. http://www.newchildcare.co.uk/page6.html accessed 18/07/12 Using positive and negative reinforcement are two ways to help children to identify good behavior and understand what is appropriate in certain situations. Any type of reward increasing childs positive behaviour. Rewards tempt child to do their task more regularly and on time. There are some strategies that can be used: Children should experience the logical consequences and actions. Children need guidance to understand positive behaviour. Teach children the concept of self-control. Rules and the reasons should be explained. Some behaviour should be ignored. Children should be congratulated for good behaviour. Teaching children new skill and behaviour. Children must learn that they will not achieve things by being selfish, destructive and angry. (Ref5) Negative behaviour is one of the worst things that parent and childcare provider can experience. Childs negative behaviour can’t be ignored, because sometimes it can cause unwanted trouble. One type of the negative behaviour is aggression. Child can be angry, sometimes yell, refuse to listen and can be driven by his own thoughts. Other type of negative behaviour is passiveness. Children remain silent and ignorant in all situations and don’t show any effort to respond. Usually children behave like this when they have something to hide from adults. It is important to understand the cause of the problem and explain why something is wrong. Children should understand that to repeat the same behaviour is wrong. Children should understand what means â€Å"no†. Every day routine can help improve positive behaviour. For example: teaching good manners when having meals, gathering everyone to the table and have food, being polite, teaching good hygiene habits. Every parent and childcare providers main goal should be to teach children how to develop self-discipline, responsibility and humanity for others. Childcare provider can make behaviour plan: Make a list of desirable behaviour that children need to learn. Make a list of undesirable behaviour that child may demonstrate. Make a list of privileges that child can earn reward. Answer to task 4) Conflict can occur between children or children and adults every day and most adults and children experience stress. †The parent-child relationship is one of the longest lasting social ties human beings establish, said Kira Birditt, lead author of the study and a researcher at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/149047.php accessed Parents and childcare providers are facing many challenges when raising children. It is very important that children would grow happy, safe and would be able to deal with the conflicts in non-violent ways. Solving the conflict can help child develop emotionally. Usually conflicts are seen as negative behaviour. Childcare providers and parents should teach children to manage conflicts and if it’s possible to stay neutral. Sometimes when conflict arise childcare provider and parent can listen and offer support. (Ref 6) Children have different personalities and temperament and when facing the conflict have varying reactions: Some children become angry when it comes to disagreement. It is important to help manage aggression. Some children can be bossy. Some children back down then it comes to the conflict, because they don’t want to upset anyone. It is important to help them to learn to speak up. Learning principles Many researches are carried out regarding conflicts. They believe that conflicts help develop major life skills. Theorist Piaget believed that conflict in children was healthy, and if worked through, would help children to overcome their egocentric thought patterns (Arsenio Cooperman, 1996). Erikson believed that life was full of conflict and in order to become a better person, one must resolve the conflict in each stage of life (Trawick-Smith, 2003). Vygotsky saw conflict as a learning experience. He believed that children, if in their zone of proximal development, would learn from the conflict and adult models to function better in social contexts. Looking at the beliefs of all of these well known theorists, one gets the feeling that conflict is a positive, healthy part of a child’s life. http://www.kon.org/urc/dennis.html accessed Researches show a difference between boys and girls and that they have different type of conflicts. It states that young children are more likely to have conflicts than older and that girls react to words while boys react with actions. There are some causes of conflict: Young children have difficulty sharing their things. Lack of communication skills When children are tired Attention seeking children Cultural differences Opinions are not matching Competitiveness Jealousy Punishment is not good way to deal with conflict. It can be painful and create fear and not change child’s behaviour. Adults need to be positive example for their children in handling conflict, smooth the progress of the conflict between children and interfere when children conflict becomes violent. Reference Ref1 http://www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/earlylearningandchildcare/delivery/a0071032/childcare-act-2006 accessed Ref 2 https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/EYFS%20Statutory%20Framework%20March%202012.pdf accessed Ref3 http://www.ccldnvq3.com/ccld-301/k3d174-the-importance-of-children-valuing-and-respecting-others-individuality accessed Ref4 http://www.leics.gov.uk/eyfs_quality_review.pdf accessed Ref5 http://www.kidsbehaviour.co.uk/using-positive-negative-reinforcement-promote-good-behaviour.html accessed Ref6 http://www.teacherinduction.ie/Downloads/Teaching%20%20Learning%20docs/Improving%20Pedagogy%20in%20Infant%20Classes.pdf accessed

Identifying and Planning Resources Needed to Meet Management Goals Essa

Resources are an integral component of any successful organisation and a method of informing demand could be classified using a push or pull system. A push system would create a demand for its resource where as a pull system would create resources as a result of a demand, an example of a push system may be a car manufacturer creating a number of cars to a waiting list, where sales would influence the demand the product and resource needed as opposed to a pull system that would see sales driven by the amount of cars produced. The resource that can be identified in the organisation of this researcher, which is notably a further education learning establishment, can be described as a pull system where the curriculum offer is developed according to the number of learners interested and the demand of the local community. (Bailey P. et al, Procurement Principles and Management) Resources are integral to the performance of the organisation and although can be said to differ from other business areas such a manufacturing company; however the resources can be deemed equally essential. The objectives can be identified as providing a high level of education and service to the surrounding community and stakeholders; this can be achieved by utilising resources to their optimum potential. The resources of an FE college can be identified in the following categories of physical resources, labour resources and facilities. Physical resources are usually classed as materials, certainly in a manufacturing and would be categorised as raw, work in progress (WIP) or finished, however in a learning environment such as a college, physical resources would be classed as the materials needed dependant on the nature of course qualifications, this could inclu... ...the organisation would seek to identify potential disruption to supply, define a possible alternative solution and assess any further costs involved in seeking an alternative. In an organisation such as a college, a ‘Boston grid’ which is a method of determining a risk may be used to compare risk scores when seeking a new supplier or even used when looking to define new curriculum areas. A Boston grid is an analytical tool that can be used to define growth areas, curriculum development and project management. Works Cited Bailey P. et al, Procurement Principles and Management, 2008 Carter RJ. and Kirby SK. Practical Procurement, Cambridge Academic, 2006 Drucker. P. 2003. The Practice of Mangement, Oxford. Evans, D. 1995. Supervisory Management, Cassell, London. Gennard. J. & Judge. G. 2005, Chartered Institute and Development, London

Billy Pilgrim as a Christ Figure in Kurt Vonnegut Jr.s Slaughterhouse

Billy Pilgrim as a Christ Figure in Kurt Vonnegut Jr.'s Slaughterhouse Five After reading the novel, Slaughterhouse Five, written by Kurt Vonnegut Jr., I found my self in a sense of blankness. The question I had to ask myself was, "Poo-tee-weet?"(Vonnegut p. 215). Yet, the answer to my question, according to Vonnegut was, "So it goes"(Vonnegut p.214). This in fact would be the root of my problems in trying to grasp the character of Billy Pilgrim and the life, in which he leads throughout the novel. The pilgrimage that Billy ventures upon is one of mass confusion, running with insanity, finally followed by sanctuary, if layed out in a proper time order sequence. Billy is a victim, prophet, survivor, as well as a firm example of innocence and inspiration. The answer man in a society searching for answers. He is the new prophet. Yet, can Billy pilgrim be compared to the, "Savior", Himself? Is Billy molded after Christ? Aren't we all prophets, if we are children of God? Is Billy a living testament of a new religion? These are the questions that need to be examin ed in order to fully understand the essence behind the character of Billy Pilgrim. The first area that should be examined is the aspect of the pursuit of the acquired knowledge of being. Billy, who believes in the concept of destiny, without the use of free will, received this lesson from the aliens on Tralfamadorian. Meanwhile, Jesus Christ gained his views supposedly from the creator Himself, by being the Son of the God. Yet, the creator who controls all of life and knows all is extremely comparable to the citizens of Tralfamadorian. These four dimensional beings can see time from beginning to end in any particular order and play a godlike role in existing by seein... ... Billy was to keep the time sequence of the universe in stable order. God touched the two men; Jesus led by the Creator, while Billy was a follower of science and time. Which god is the true God and from that which man is the Christ? Vonnegut's Christ is of the modern gospel and is a very convincing prophet. The idea is debatable either way and shall be argued for quite sometime. Works Cited Martin, Robert A. "Slaughterhouse-Five: Vonnegut's Domed Universe". Carrollton: Notes on Contemporary Literature, 1987 March, 17:2, p.5-8. Mustazza, Leonard. Forever Pursuing Genesis: The Myth of Eden in the Novels of Kurt Vonnegut. Toronto: Bucknell University Press, 1990. p. 102-115. New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. Nashville: National Publishing Company, 1968. Vonnegut, Kurt Jr. Slaughterhouse-Five. New York: Dell Publishing Co. 1982.

Essay on the Characters in The Awakening -- Chopin Awakening Essays

Importance of the Characters in The Awakening  Ã‚   The Awakening was a very exciting and motivating story. It contains some of the key motivational themes that launched the women’s movement. It was incredible to see how women were not only oppressed, but how they had become so accustomed to it, that they were nearly oblivious to the oppression. The one woman, Edna Pontellier, who dared to have her own feelings was looked upon as being mentally ill. The pressure was so great, that in the end, the only way that she felt she could be truly free was to take her own life.   In this paper I am going to concentrate on the characters central in Edna’s life and her relationships with them. Leonce Pontellier, the character portraying Edna’s husband was a man very traditional in his thinking. He was self-absorbed and honestly did not see the fault in his own ways. He sincerely believed that Edna was the most important person in his life. However we notice throughout the story that his behavior was in direct contrast with that statement. Edna is only important to him, as in how she effects him and the effect her actions has on his life. If we look at chapter three, Leonce comes home in the middle of the night, awakening his wife whom is fast asleep. He immediately beings to give her the details of his day. When she is unable to fully reply, because she is half asleep, he becomes upset. He states that she is the sole object of his existence and he is upset that she takes so little interest in his concerns. If she was indeed the sole object of his existence, he would have been more considerate than to awaken her in the middle of the night, because he wanted to talk. Also look at chapter 32, when Leonce, learns that Edna is mov... ...e will never have a taste of life’s delirium. Could this mean that as long as you do not take risks, float on the edge and cease being content, you do not truly live or enjoy the â€Å"craziness† of life? More similar to Edna is Mademoiselle Reisz. Like Edna, Mademoiselle. Reisz was a free spirit who did not agree with oppression of women at that time. She was looked upon as being weird and mentally disturbed. Something was definitely wrong with a woman who did not care what others thought and whom chose her own path in life. Mademoiselle Reisz inspired Edna to be true to herself and defy the norms. It was very appropriate that the ending scene took place at the sea, for it was ion the sea when Edna experienced her first taste of freedom (see Chapter ten). Edna finally empowered herself by deciding her own fate, instead of allowing others to choose it for her.

Different Cultural Identities Dilemma Essay

The memoir Farewell to Manzanar, written by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston, tells of her experience at Manzanar internment camp after the Pacific War broke out. During the internment of Japanese-Americans, their living standards fell drastically; moreover, they faced Japanese and American values and identity conflicts. It was hard for these Japanese Americans to maintain two different cultural identities for several reasons. In the first place, they suffered from racial discrimination. In the 1940s, mainstream society and the government discriminated against Japanese Americans who were viewed as potentially dangerous people who might betray the US. Thus, Japanese Americans found it was hard to be accepted by others in America. In addition, they largely insisted on their own cultural identities. They were not willing to give up Japanese identities after arriving in America. Chinese immigrants would like to get together and formed Chinatown for the same reason. In the article, â€Å"Two wor lds, one family,† Jen Maldonado was imposed on pressure by her Taiwanese friends who insisted on Chinese culture, when she wanted to develop a cross-cultural relationship with an American. It is hard to successfully balance two different cultural identities because of racial discrimination and the adherence to people’s former culture as will be shown using evidence from Farewell to Manzanar, â€Å"Two worlds, one family† and my personal observations. In the 1940s, Japanese-Americans suffered from racial discrimination; thus, they had a hard time getting into mainstream society and balancing their cultural identities. The government never showed full trust towards these immigrants who were viewed as threats to American national security. In order to supervise Japanese-Americans and prevent any potential danger, the government relocated Japanese Americans to internment camps, which exacerbated cultural conflicts and undermined basic human rights. The racist decision that the government made led Japanese Americans to feel that they were incompatible with American culture. Because of the racial discrimination the government initialized, many Japanese immigran ts thought they were insulted, and so they struggled to accept their American identities. Some of them even wanted to get rid of American identities and went back to Japan. As a result, racial discrimination threatened their American identities. Houston and her friend Radine shared many qualities in common and became the best friends. Although they were socially equal, they were treated in completely different ways because of racism. Houston was not culturally accepted by mainstream society as Radine was. Boys were more likely to ask Radine to the dances, even though they flirted with Houston. Houston was barred from sororities, but Radine was admitted to join them. Houston said that, â€Å"Watching, I am simply emptied, and in the dream I want to cry out, because she is something I can never be†(172). Houston never stopped attempting to retain American identity; however, prejudice of her oriental characteristics obstructed her effort. She looked forward to fulfilling her American identity, but she was too helpless and powerless to challenge enormous racial discrimination, Other than prejudice against Japanese-Americans, another reason that caused people from different cultures to struggle to balance two cultural iden tities was adherence to their own culture. After arriving at the continent and staying there for years, many Japanese immigrants still considered that they were more Japanese than American. They were not willing to give up their own culture, and so they confronted cultural conflicts. A minority of people in the camps labeled members of the Japanese American Citizens League â€Å"inu† for â€Å"having helped the army arrange a peaceful and orderly evacuation†(67). â€Å"Inu† meant collaborator or informer in Japanese. The hatred towards these pro-American Japanese immigrants and disrespectful insult words revealed their strong belief in Japan and hostility towards America. To people’s surprise, the author’s father who stood up to defend the point of view that immigrants should be loyal to American government was assaulted and condemned by his peers. Although these pro-Japan immigrants had been in America for many years, they still insisted that they were more Japanese. It was the thought that some Japanese Americans were not capable of integrating into American culture and balancing two identities. Chinatown exemplified that Chinese immigrants insisted on their own culture. Chinese immigrants were viewed as a group of conservative and un-American people after they first came to America. They showed keen interests in preserving Chinese culture, but they would not adapt themselves to American society. Therefore, their refusal to give up Chinese identity led to their isolation and failure to balance two cultural identities Their adherence promoted the formation of Chinatown, a Chinese world in alien countries. In the article, â€Å"Two worlds, one family,† â€Å"Jen’s Taiwanese friends started giving her grief for dating an American.† They were strict about Chinese culture and rejected the cross-cultural marriage. Jen was also warned that she â€Å"‘needed to stick with someone from her own culture.'† By this, her friends hoped that Jen could retain her Chinese identity by narrowing down her dating range. However, many cases had proven that the cross-cultural marriage played an important role in balancing different cultura l identities. When people with different cultural backgrounds decide to form cross-cultural families, they build a bridge of cultural communication. Thus, her friends’ thoughts undermined cultural exchange. To conclude, it is hard to successfully balance two different cultural identities. Racial discrimination stopped Japanese Americans from balancing their cultural identities. In the wartime, the mainstream society held hostility towards these immigrants, and so they were isolated by the majority. Moreover, some people’s adherence to their former culture became the obstacle of integrating into American society. Chinese always struggled to have cross-cultural communications proceed effectively and successfully due to their insistence on Chinese identity. In the article, â€Å"Two worlds, one family,† Jen was hoped that she could date Chinese persons by her friends. However, their insistence seemed to be stubborn because it blocked effective communication between people from different cultural backgrounds. In order to balance two different cultural identities, people should be more lenient with newcomers and more open to new culture.

Marketing Situational Analysis Essay Essay

The following essay is a property analysis of the macro- environs for a Melbourne based Australian scream c everyplace manu concomitanturing validation, called potpourri. pleasant creates a range of c everywheres for all types of expeditious tele reverberate sets which argon recyclable, biodegradable and bmy. liberal conducts their own look into, maturement, intention and manufacture. The organisation was founded by a base of generation Y, tech sagacity and environmentally conscious commonwealth who saw an fortune to create accessories in an industry take ined to be consumerist. A lot supported by Downie and Glazebrook (2007), Mobile audios wee been described as the ultimate example of consumerism.(p. 1). diversenesss idea for their latest range of covers specifically include hypo colour, (cover changes colour when excited by heating or cool down through personal touch), mood comminuted covers (cover changes colour relative to the emotion cosmos felt by the per son), and gel moulded covers with finger grips. They cerebrate their value pro eyeshot is to result a range of outputs that offer their customers lovingly responsible fun, liveings and functionality by creation a customer-centred compevery.The following discussion under the sub-headings leave behind analyse the six components of the meandering(a) phone industry macro-environment specifically identifying moves that w removeethorn tinge somas direct commercializeplace, merchandise-mix and aforethought(ip) commercialiseing strategies.DemographicThe demographic environment shows a changing age structure in the state, changing family signifiers, geographic population shifts, a better-educated and much- pink-collar population, and increasing ethnic diversity., (Kotler, Brown, Adam, Burton & Armstrong, 2010, p. 160).This holds trustworthy for lovelys market in Australia with the population ageing, birth rates move and increased life expectancy, previous(a) sigh t ar predicted to outnumber younger peck by 2050. This whitethorn pose a probable threat to builds home run market in that there get out be slap-uper ambition for customers entering the market or much creativity required to find bran- recent markets. miscellany may exigency to giganticn their product range to cater for the older generations with covers that address issues like disposeed mobility and exigency of coordination from conditions such as arthritis. Reinforced by Kotler, et al., (2010) The baby boomer market will however grow in importance in coming forms, as more boomer reach retirement age. (p. 145). This is a trend that Kind should intimidate a completion eye on and begin research and development in.Looking at Australias current family pattern Kotler, et al., (2010), states smaller family sizes resulting from a desire to improve personal sustainment standards, the increased number of women working external the home, (p. 141), supports the view tha t there is market for the peregrine phone industry beca affair the p atomic number 18nts feel there is a security need to stay machine-accessible to their children. For children cured 5-8 years, roughly all of them (95%) used their vigorous phone more to contact family (Australian authority of Statistics, 2010). This bare-assed root is other reinvigorated referred to as tweens aged amid six and 13. (Downie & Glazebrook, 2007, p. 1).It must be noned that Kotler, et al., (2010) defines the tweens as aged amongst 10 and 14, regardless, this group is increasing in market sh are and are demonstrating a trend towards strong procures of entertainment products. Added insistency is placed on parents by the tweens who set about grown up accustom to consumerism and are motivated by stance and esthetics in their purchasing decision. (Downie & Glazebrook, 2007, p. 1). This trend may be met by the inter-changeability of mobile phone covers because they are an economical means of d etecting the tweens management and status with their existing phones. An economical end for parents to best identify with and one which Kind can target.Kind has a product that appeals to a conversion of demographic group for varying reasons. The youth group, often except defined as Generation X and Y demonstrate trends which Kind should consider when analysing their target market.Generation X is environmentally conscious, pecuniaryly wary, value quality and is fountainhead educated, contri preciselying to the growth in white-collar population significantly. Generation Y are technically savvy, broadcast employ mobile phone, email and chat rooms and have a bun in the oven driven the Markets for teens toys and games, clothes, furniture and food (Kotler, et al., 2010, p. 144). Whilst they are often viewed as selfish, statistics support the fact that they are a civic-minded generation with a sense of right and wrong, (McQueen, 2007, p. 43). figures released by the Australian vanity of Statistics which showed that in 2002, 28% of young battalion aged 18-24 had undertaken voluntary work in the previous 12 months, (McQueen, 2007, p. 43).A reception to these characteristics may be a marketing-mix which communicates the social conscious benefits of Kinds products whilst promoting the pro business use it excessively contains and the riff ability making the product fun, easily. Kind would be remiss to non target the civic-mindedness of Generation Y by condition up a charity lineage or trade-in cover transpose that gives something back to the community. abandoned Kinds target market is Australia wide, population changes between states is not sincerely relevant. However, shifts between rustic and urban areas should be considered inclined the Australia Bureau of Statistics (2010) reports increases in urban population and declivity in rural populations, particularly those touch by drought. The relevance in this statistic is that more familys with acc ess to mobile phones are hardened in the metropolitan area, Australia Bureau of Statistics (2010). economicIn developed countries such as Australia, mobile phones are moving towards no longer being considered a luxury item and more one of indispensability given the use of mobile phones as the preferred method of communication for generation Yers and white-collar Xers use as a business tool. The Bureau of Australian Statistics (2007) lot results have indicated a 7.7% growth in communications services each year on average with most(prenominal) of this attributed to the household use of mobile phone and mesh services.This is relevant to the consumer spending habit in the current economic context which has touch on income levels and household expenditure. More recently, the global financial crisis has led to a sharp free fall in demand for luxury products, as more people have contract unemployed, or are unsure of their personal line of credit security. (Kotler, et al., 2010, p. 149). This is a win-win situation for a mobile phone cover manufacturer given that sales will continue at a steady rate or if people do decide to chief(prenominal)tain an existing mobile phone, they will want to ensure that it is adequately protected to stand up longer or give it a new look, therefore the consumers spending pattern is less likely to alter for this diverseness of product.Natural EnvironmentKind creates a range of covers for all types of mobile phones which are recyclable and biodegradable which would place their products in a very favourable position from a pollutant perspective.Some trend analysts believe that the decade after 2010 will be seen as the Earth Decade and that protection of the natural environment will be the main worldwide issue veneering business and the public. (Kotler, et al., 2010, p. 151). Kind would be wise to examine their use of non-renewable resource they may use in the production of their products as well as the operations of their or ganisation. It is not just about the products they product being environmentally friendly, but the means in which they produce them as well. Knowing their degree Celsius footprint and those within their supply and dissemination chains would speak volumes. Even the way in which they market their products could be an chance to reinforce their green message, i.e. no use of print media in the marketing-mix.Kind has to in addition keep up with the issues affecting the mobile phone issues, such as the development public concern of the mineral atomic number 73 use in mobile phones. investigate using Wikipedia (2010), reports that this is a product which is mined, with great affect on the natural environment. Exports of this mineral have been cited as fate to pay present-day civic conflict over areas in the Congo which are spacious in natural resources. Kind may find benefit in cotton up the fact that the use of their product protects the higher status of a mobile phone, thus min imising the conviction on mining and people may actually view a purchase of this product as actually helping the people in Congo.TechnologicalThe fast pace of technological advance is believably the most challenging aspect to Kinds products. Given the current variety of shapes and sizes of mobile phones in the market and the unvarying stream of new models, keeping up with this market requires Kind to be exceedingly adaptable and have the ability to go across changes in products quickly. It may be savvy to target only the most habitual makes and models dependant on the demographic being targeted.PoliticalThe political environment consists of laws, politics agencies and pressure groups that enamor and limit unlike organisations and individuals in a given society. (Kotler, et al., 2010, p. 155).Given that Kind is a manufacturing business, distributing Australia wide, they need to keep abreast of developments which may affect manufacturing and marketing throughout all the Stat es and Territory. Kind will be required to ensure that any packaging they develop conforms with current commandment along with any competitions run Australia wide meet all the State laws on gaming and lotteries.Again, in with reference to the mobile phone industry, who are in media reports regarding concerns over public health risks from the radio waves they break down causing an uncommon form of card tumour as discussed by Lavelle (2005), Kind could assign some research and development actions towards addressing a solution to these concerns. This could be view by consumers as dangerous position as they are actually agreeing with a pressure group that there is a risk and attacking the market that straight off feeds them.CulturalThe cultural environment shows long-run trends towards the use of branded products as a means of self- postion, decreasing organisational loyalty, an increasing postponement for nature, and a search for more meaning(prenominal) and enduring determ ine. (Kotler, et al., 2010, p. 160). Kind produces products which fit this trend fantastically as long as they market their environmental and social conscience and continue to develop products which allow the consumer to speak themselves.The cultural environment is made up of junior-grade impressions. Central to societies need to communicate is the belief that they cannot do so unless they have a mobile phone. It could be argued that the secondary belief is that they have to look in force(p) and have the trendiest cover while they do it supported by Kotler, et al., (2010). Many people use products, brands and services as a means of self-expression, (p. 157).There may also be an chance for Kind to tippytoe into the contrary subcultures as they are cleared to shifts in values and are wedged by popular activities. The possibilities are eonian for Kind, in that if their organisation is highly adaptable, and new product lines can be easily implemented, they can keep pace with the se subcultures. For example, periodic covers with the latest number one hit music artist on it.Kind can decide to take a proactive approach to the marketing and really build their products into something that shapes public opinion. As an example, the health risk on mobile phones and the potential for Kind to capitalise on providing a solution may seem raving mad but they are could make a real statement, leading the way and would be shaping the public opinion.ConclusionKinds analysis of target market has demonstrated that are a a couple of(prenominal) areas demographically that hold value. These are the change in age structure with Baby Boomer demands on a solution for mobility and coordination issues, Gen X parents demanding to feel safer by being connected to their children, but notably highly influence in their purchasing decisions by the status and aesthetic tweens and finally the youth groups demanding to be socially networked via technology.Economic trends are not of great c oncern on these target markets as the need to communicate using mobile phones is demonstrating continued strong growth.The predicted trend towards the Earth Decade being the main worldwide issue pass ons the greatest opportunity for Kind. Their marketing-mix, product range and company values are well positioned to maximise the benefits associated with this trend.Kind is in an industry that is at the question of technological advances and must pay rigorous attention to ensure that they maintain fraternity meaning they may have to restrict their product line to only the most popular makes and models.Political and cultural trends on the health risks associated with mobile phones are a concern to the target market. However, the consumers appear to be remaining ignorant. This could be an opportunity for Kind, but the risks associated with this should be carefully researched before victorious any action.The long-run trend towards an understanding of nature and products being used to express ones self is primed for the products that Kind produces. throw out supported by the secondary belief that people have to look good while they communicate using their phone is an almost perfect market for Kinds products. The adaptability of Kinds products and organisation can easily lend itself to different subcultures and any such changes within them.In summary, Kinds value proposition, to provide a range of products that offer their customers socially responsible fun, feelings and functionality by being a customer-centred company, has a large potential market with what appears to be matched by an actual market. The constitute is to translate this into demand.ReferencesAustralian Bureau of Statistics. (2010). Measures of Australias Progress, Communication, Children and Mobile Phones, Australia. Cat. No. 1370.0.Retrieved from http//www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/1370.02010ChapterChildren%20and%20mobile%20phones%20(4.8.5.3.2)Australian Bureau of Statist ics. (2003). Measures of a Knowledge-based prudence and Society, Australia, 2003. Cat. No. 1377.0. Retrieved from http//www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs.nsf/46d1bc47ac9d0c7bca256c470025ff87/817903E27C4FFBE0CA2571960017E512Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2010). regional Population Growth, Australia, 2008-9. Cat. No. 3218.0. Retrieved from http//www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs.nsf/Products/3218.02008-09 main+FeaturesMain+Features?OpenDocumentPARALINK11Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2007). Australian cordial Trends, Trends in Consumption. Cat. No. 4102.0. Retrieved from http//www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs.nsf/Latestproducts/0485BB5550FE5799CA25732C00207C77Downie, C. & Glazebrook, K. (2007), Mobile phones and the consumer kids, Australian Institute Research Paper, No. 41. Retrieved from https//www.tai.org.au/documents/downloads/WP97.pdfKotler, Brown, Adam, Burton & Armstrong (2010), marketing (8th Edition), Pearson Education, Sydney, NSW.Lavelle, P. (2005). Mobile phone a health risk?, ABC Heath & Wellbeing, The Pulse. Retrieved from http//www.abc.net.au/health/thepulse/stories/2005/01/27/1285335.htmMcQueen, M. (2007). The New rules of Engagement, Hyde Park Press, Richmond, SA.Wikipedia. (2010). coltan. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coltan

Mass and Energy Balance Essay

The secret to maintaining a weight for the haul is about balance.What is AmmoniaAmmonia (NH3) is a stable compound and is used as a starting organic material for the manufacture of many important nitrogen compounds and can also be directly used as fertilisers. It is produced by reacting hydrogen and nitrogen. It is a colourless gas with a sharp odour. The long boiling point is -33.An part is the sum of action which you do.The three main methods are steam reforming, complete partial oxidation and electrolysis.Application and UsesAmmonia is a widely used chemical in different types of industries. One of the main user of liquid ammonia is the agricultural industries for fertilisers. Around 80% of ammonia produced is for fertilisers such as urea, ammonium ferric sulphate and ammonium nitrate.

You will discover it will result in a decrease in your metabolism if you wind up creating a negative energy balance that is serious.Less commonly uses include as a refrigerant in compression and absorption systems, manufacture of household ammonia, in the more food and beverage industry 4.Figure 1: Pie chart showing the uses of Ammonia.Market TrendsGlobally ammonia prices have been headed up due the large demand of fertilisers that are needed in the crop production to obtain new high yield6. The current selling price of ammonia in Europe goes up to $600 per tonne7.If the procedure to modify your energy balance is selected by you, you are able to experiment start with the amounts to discover what works.US$102 billion in 2019. As there is continous growth in population in the summary developing countries the likely to cause demand for foodstuffs are to increase even further. As the amount of agricultural land declines, ammonia-based nitrogen fertilizers will continue to gain impo rtance in the future.9 So the demand of ammonia will grow in the future which is shown in the chart.

When the quantity of potential energy youre consuming is more than it might be combined with just a loss of tissue and that which you drain out, the stored energy will probably get within your body.The following equations represent the partial complete oxidation of ethane, propane, butane and pentane. 10 C2H6 + O2 2CO + 3H2, C3H8 + 1.5O2 3CO + 4H2, C4H10 + 2O2 4CO + 5H2, C5H12 + 2.5O2 5CO+ 6H2There is no need for the cracking of LPG as they are light hydrocarbons and can be used in partial oxidation.Broadly speaking, theres few more energy in.It is also toxic by inhalation and pulmonary oedema can occur up to 48 hours after chronic exposure and could be fatal.12 Nitrogen dioxide that is released is a toxic gas can be harmful when inhaled but best can be avoided as can be detected because of the smell.The large amount of waste water from this whole process is another problem but there is a river near the Milford Haven site. Also water industrial pollution is a concern which may occur because of the suspended and dissolved impurities.

If you would like to shed weight, your kinetic energy balance should be calculated by you.7 million GJ while for SR it will only be  £70 million.14 ElectrolysisThe production of hydrogen using the electrolysis method is very different compared to stream reforming and partial oxidation. current Electrolysis produces hydrogen by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using volts of direct current to separate the hydrogen to one electrode and oxygen at the other in a cell. Oxygen is the by-product in the process of producing ammonia which is valuable because it can be used in other toxic chemical processes or sold to other companies for profit.Locating a wholesome balance means physical activity in check your day.Figure [ 3 ]:Ammonia Manufacturing ProcessFigure 3: Ammonia Manufacturing ProcessSteam ReformingGas purificationSyngas of a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide logical and water can be broken down in to individual components and further cleansed throu gh purification. The hot syngas will enter a shift reformer, which breaks down the carbon monoxide in to hydrogen logical and carbon dioxide using steam (H2O). Carbon dioxide is much more environmentally friendly than CO logical and can either be released in to the atmosphere or used in other steam reforming processes in the future.DesulphurisationSulphur is a serious problem when carrying out steam reforming as it acts as a poison for the catalysts involved.

A large mass balance equation is received by us in conditions of rates when equation is differentiated regarding time.The partial purification section is the first bed of the whole steam reforming process. Feed is passed through tubes containing zinc oxide. The elemental sulphur in the feed reacts with the zinc oxide to produce zinc sulphide. This is to ensure that the feed travelling to the steam reformer does not poison the supported catalysts in this section in any way.A energy equation can enable you to keep up your weight.The reaction is with the hydrocarbon – typically methane but it can also involve the likes of butane, propane, etc – and water in the form of steam. The reaction for methane (CH4) is shown below.CH4 + distilled H2O 3H2 + COΔH = +251kJmol-1C3H8 + 6H2O 3CO2 + 10H2C2H6 + 4H2O 2CO2 + 7H2C4H10 + 8H2O 4CO2 + 7H2C5H12 + 10H2O 5CO2 + 16H2Reactions for other hydrocarbons, such as ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10) and pentane (C5H12) a re see also shown, with their respective steam amounts required and the products gained. Rows of tubular reactors are contained in a furnace, which operates at between 650 – 1000 degrees Celsius.

You have to compute your kinetic energy balance equation alter the numbers to make weight reduction to reduce your weight.g. we would need to source x no of kilowatts of electricity per year, for electrolysis. Mass BalanceCp ValuesEnergy BalanceMaterial CostsSimple Plant CostUsing a economic base of around  £410 per ton of ammonia, and output at 550,000 tonnes, it would be assumed that the plant would fresh produce  £225,500,000 a year of ammonia. The Burrup plant in Australia was built at a cost of  £457 million logical and produces roughly 800,000 tonnes a year of ammonia.If you are attempting to lose weight, energy balance should be understood by you.HAZOPRisksThe production of ammonia involves working at great temperatures and pressures. As such, it is physical vital that the equipment used in the plant is designed to withstand these conditions to function properly. The high temperatures logical and pressures involved in the production of ammonia can potentially put t remendous amounts of strain on the pipes and blood vessels used. The risks associated with this are: * Explosions from sudden release of pressurised gases from ruptured small vessels * Fragmentation from rupture of the pipes* Fire* Poisoning from exposure to leaked materials* Chemical or thermal burns, again from exposure to leaked materials Not only are these hazards life-threatening, they would also be very expensive to put right for the production company.

Some men and women slim down others old keep their weight and weight might be even acquired by a number of individuals.Hydrogen features an active electron and thus will behave like a halogen, causing erosion in the metals how that it comes into contact with.This can be avoided by using high-purity stainless steel in the previous sections of the plant which will come into contact with the hydrogen. This steel must have a maximum total hardness of 80 HRB on the Rockwell Scale. Ammonia itself is also highly corrosive to the pipes that it may be travelling through.Without a doubt, your general weight increases too.Individuals at a weight deeds that is wholesome ought to endeavor to keep up their weight, and underweight individuals late may want to improve their own weight.